Hippocratic Oath

Classic Version

I SWEAR BY APOLLO, the physician, and Æsculapius and Hygeia and All-heal and all the gods and goddesses that, according to my ability and judgement, I will keep this Oath and stipulation-

TO RECKON him who taught me this Art equally dear to me as my parents, to share my substance with him and relieve his necessities if required; to look upon his offspring on the same footing as my own brothers, and to teach his Art if they shall wish to learn it, without fee or stipulation.

BY RECEIPT, lecture and every mode of instruction I will impart a knowledge of the Art, to my own sons and those of my teachers and to disciples bound by a stipulation and oath according to the laws of medicine, but to none others.

I WILL FOLLOW that system of regimen which, according to my ability, I consider for the benefit of my patients and abstain from what is deleterious and mischievous. I will give no deadly medicine to anyone if asked, nor suggest such counsel; and in like manner I will not give to a woman a pessary to produce abortion.

WITH PURITY AND HOLINESS I will pass my life and practice my Art I will not cut a person w ho is suffering with a stone but will leave this to be done by men who are practitioners of this work.

INTO WHATEVER HOUSE I enter I will go into them for the benefit of the sick and will abstain from every voluntary act of mischief and corruption; and further from the seduction of females or males, freeman or slaves.

WHATEVER IN CONNECTION with my professional practice, or not in connection with it, I may see or hear in the lives of men which ought not be spoke of abroad, I will not divulge, as reckoning that all such should be kept secret.

WHILE I CONTINUE to keep this oath unviolated may it be granted to me to enjoy life and the practice of the Art, respected by men of all times, but, should I trespass and violate this oath may the reverse be my lot.

Clinical Tools

See this new brochure that outlines many of the issues involved in assisted suicide. Please feel free to copy and distribute.

Tool:  Brochure

Many people use the word “Dignity” when talking about end of life issues. The view of PCCEF is that true dignity lies in the inherent value of each person. Here are two excellent articles and questionnaires that can help preserve dignity at the end of life.

Reference: Chochinov HM. Dignity-conserving care–a new model for palliative care: helping the patient feel valued. JAMA. 287(17):2253-60, 2002 May 1.

Tool: Dignity-Conserving Questions

Dignity Preserving Psychotherapy Protocol and Legacy Discussion

These questions are to be used as a starting point for a discussion or as a way to stimulate further discussion of Legacy issues for patients near the end of life.  Please put these into your own words.  Do not consider this as a complete list, but rather as a launching point.  Remember that your patient’s life has inherent value, and your job is to discover this and help families and loved ones to do the same.

Reference:  Chochinov HM. Hack T. Hassard T. Kristjanson LJ. McClement S. Harlos M. Dignity therapy: a novel psychotherapeutic intervention for patients near the end of life. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 23(24):5520-5, 2005 Aug 20.

Tool: Legacy Questionnaire

End-of-Life Planning

Advance Directives

Books

Assisted Suicide/Euthanasia

  • (William Morrow, 1993; Harper/Collins, 1994; Avon, 1995)

    “Deadly Compassion” is available in most public libraries or can be ordered from the IAETF.

    Deadly Compassion

    From the book jacket:

    Ann Humphry’s suicide in 1991 made headlines worldwide. One of the reasons her death was so compelling was her allegation, in her suicide note, that she was driven to kill herself by her husband, Derek Humphry, co-founder of the Hemlock Society and author of the number-one best-seller Final Exit.

    In Deadly Compassion Rita Marker relates the explosive details of this tragic death and the dark side of the euthanasia movement. Combining the shocking, true-life story of Ann’s despair and suicide with compelling arguments against ever allowing the legalization of euthanasia, Rita Marker has written a book that is disturbing, moving, and thoroughly convincing.

    Rita Marker tells Ann’s account of her life with Derek Humphry: from their happy times together co-founding the Hemlock Society to his leaving her after she was diagnosed with cancer. Here is the story of Ann’s terrible guilt after she and Derek helped her parents kill themselves – with Ann smothering her mother to death with a laundry bag when the pills didn’t work – and her belief that Derek would allow her no grief and no remorse. And here, too, is the story of a remarkable friendship. When Ann felt alone and abandoned, she turned to Rita Marker – having known Rita only as her most vocal opponent on the subject of legalizing euthanasia.

    In Deadly Compassion, Rita Marker also explores all of the issues surrounding euthanasia – and some of the most famous right-to-die cases. She discusses in depth the career of Jack Kevorkian, who has written articles advocating medical experiments on death-row prisoners – while they are still alive. And she explains the ramifications of euthanasia in a country without adequate health insurance, like America, where people who really want to live might choose death rather than bankrupt their families.

    Deadly Compassion is essential reading for anyone who has misgivings about giving doctors the right to kill. it is also the story of the senseless death of a sensitive woman who discovered that her life’s work was a dreadful mistake – and who believed that the man she loved wanted her dead.

    *****

    What have they said about DEADLY COMPASSION?

    “Marker movingly reminds us of the dangers of hubris, not to mention simple convenience and greed….her main point should sober any of us who easily accept the arguments about dying to preserve the dignity of life.” Washington Post

    “Deadly Compassion is a shocking, eye-opening book.” Book-of-the-Month Club News

    “Deadly Compassion is a very disturbing book, plainly and thoughtfully written.” Detroit Free Press

    “Both a warm tribute to a lost friend and a cool argument by an experienced opponent of euthanasia.” Kirkus Reviews

    “Deadly Compassion is more than a dry debate over euthanasia…Marker is an engaging storyteller and she effectively states her case against euthanasia.” San Francisco Chronicle

    “It is a book for anyone concerned about life – and death.” Oakland Press

    “[Marker’s] concern that the distinction between assisted suicide and murder can be thin is vivid and palpable.” Publisher’s Weekly

    “[Deadly Compassion] makes a compelling case that what the debate about ‘assisted suicide’ has really progressed to is not allowing people to die, but killing them.” Detroit News

    “[Deadly Compassion] is in the end the story of one woman as a symbol of the debate that has raised hard questions and forced stark choices in the minds of many. Marker challenges her readers to use Ann Humphry’s life and death to judge what is meant by the ‘right’ to die.” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

    “…Marker is an impressive advocate whose views deserve careful consideration. That’s especially urgent now, as Bill and Hillary Clinton struggle to make medicine more cost-effective.” San Francisco Examiner

    “To say that Deadly Compassion is both a distressing and a gripping book does not convey its force.” Quadrant(Australia)

    “Deadly Compassion may well fulfill its function of blunting the campaign of those who believe, along with B.F. Skinner, that ‘many old people, living in pain or as a burden to others, would be glad to be put to death humanely.'” British Medical Journal

  • (Originally released in 1997; revised and released by Spence Publishing, 2003)

    This book is a broad-based criticism of the assisted suicide/euthanasia movement.

  • This book is a warning about the dangers of the modern bioethics movement and was named one of the Ten Outstanding Books of the Year and Best Health Book of the Year for 2001 (Independent Publisher Book Awards). 

    More about Wesley J. Smith

    Award winning author Wesley J. Smith is a senior fellow at the Discovery Institute, an attorney for the International Task Force on Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide, and a special consultant for the Center for Bioethics and Culture. In May 2004, because of his work in bioethics, he was named by the National Journal as one of the nation’s top expert thinkers in bioengineering.

    Smith left the full time practice of law in 1985 to pursue a career in writing and public advocacy. He has authored or co-authored eleven books.

    You may find more information about him, his writings and reviews of these books at www.wesleyjsmith.com.

End-of-Life Care

  • Information for ordering at intelli-card.com. Order form here.

Video Clips

Jeanette’s Story: 15 Years Later

Special thanks to the Patients Rights Action Fund for this video production.

  • Ms. Jeanette Hall: “If my doctor had believed in assisted suicide, I would be dead…It’s great to be alive!”

    She wanted assisted suicide but her doctor’s refusal is the reason she is alive 21 years later

    I first met Ms. Jeanette Hall in the summer of 2000, when she was referred to me with the diagnosis of lower rectal-anal cancer. After evaluating her, I informed her that her cancer was treatable and potentially curable with radiation and chemotherapy treatments. Her surgeon had previously informed her that the cancer was inoperable. Her response to me was, “I don’t want to be treated, I want ‘the pill’ now ”…meaning that she wanted assisted suicide rather than go through cancer treatments. I informed her that I did not believe in assisted suicide and I continued to recommend cancer treatments for her. She returned to me weekly and we continued to discuss her situation. I learned that she had an unmarried son who was in the Oregon Police Academy. I asked her, “wouldn’t you like to live to see him graduate, wouldn’t you like to live to see him get married?” After thinking about this, she agreed to receive radiation and chemotherapy treatments. The cancer melted away, and she has continued to be cancer-free for 21 years.

    She has informed me and others that. “If my doctor had believed in assisted suicide, I would be dead.” She has said: “I thank all the Dr. Stevens of the world, who are there for you to give you hope when yours is gone. He battled me to think of living instead of dying and brought me back to reality with the question, ‘Don’t you want to see your son get married?’ He did not know that at that given time, I thought I would only become a burden to my son and my thought was that he would be okay, without seeing me suffer. I am so grateful that Dr. Stevens worked with me and helped me change my mind to fight. If he believed in physician-assisted suicide, I would not be here 21 years later to thank him and been able to hold my mother’s hand at the end with Alzheimer’s. I say “NO” to assisted suicide now.”

    I have gained much from Jeanette during the past 21 years. It is wonderful that she has been able to help her family and others. It has been a joy to know her.

    I have learned that the physician’s attitude regarding assisted suicide is very critical in caring for the patient who requests it.

    By Kenneth R. Stevens, Jr., MD

    Professor Emeritus & former Chair Department of Radiation Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University.

    Emeritus President and current Board member, Physicians for Compassionate Care Education Foundation

    Taken from Dr. Stevens’ testimony opposing Washington State’s ESHB 1141 (a bill to remove safeguards for obtaining lethal drugs),April 6, 2021

Here are two short stories from the patient and family point of view that, although not produced by PCCEF, reflect the ethic that life has inherent value.

In Memory of Wendy Leclezio

Download Windows Media Here
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Special thanks to the Archdiocese of Seattle and Writer/Producer Terry Murphy for sharing “In Memory of Wendy Leclezio” with us.

With Love, Heather

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Special thanks to Danny Gadd at HeartVisions Video Productions for sharing “With Love, Heather,” a loving journey through one woman’s death process.

Danny can be reached at HeartVisionsVideo@yahoo.com.

Presentations

New PowerPoint Presentations for use by any PCCEF Member

These PowerPoint presentations are available for download for use in educating health care professionals or other caregivers on end of life issues.  Click links below to download to your computer. You may have to right-click link and then press “Save Target As”.

Charles J. Bentz, MD, Physician-Assisted Suicide: What You Need to Know (2008)

Click here to view

Kenneth R. Stevens, Jr. MD, The Reality of Physician Assisted Suicide in Oregon & What it Means presentation  (2013)

Click here to view | Click here to download

Physicians for Compassionate Care Education Foundation, The Clinical Approach to Suicidality and Dignity at End-of-Life

Click here to view | Click here to download

Physicians for Compassionate Care Education Foundation, Limiting the Spread of Physician-Assisted Suicide

Click here to view | Click here to download

Physicians for Compassionate Care Education Foundation, The History of Physician-Assisted Suicide and the True Oregon Experience

Click here to view | Click here to download

Linda Wrede-Seaman, MD, Physician-Assisted Suicide & Euthanasia: Historical & Current Trends_AFL 2021

Click here to view | Click here to download

Kenneth R. Stevens, Jr MD, Debating Assisted Suicide

Click here to view | Click here to download

External Resources

If you’re looking for more information we recommend visiting these other websites.